PROPERTY OF X-RAY
Definition :-
X-ray are defined as weightless package of pure energy that are without electrical charge and that are travel in waves along a straight line with a specific frequency and speed
The properties of x-rays maybe classified as :-
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2. Chemical properties :-
Conclusion:-
Definition :-
X-ray are defined as weightless package of pure energy that are without electrical charge and that are travel in waves along a straight line with a specific frequency and speed
The properties of x-rays maybe classified as :-
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- Physical
- Biological
- Chemical
- Physiochemical
- Physical properties of x-ray :-
- X-ray belong to a family of electromagnetic radiation . Having a wevlegth between 10A and 0.01A
- They travel with the same speed as that of visible light (1,86,000 miles/sec)
- They are invisible to the eye and can not be seen , heard or smelt
- They remain undetected by the human senses
- They cannot be reflected, refracted or deflected by a magnetic or electric field as they do not posses any charge
- X-rays are pure energy ,no mass and they transfer energy from place to place in the form of quanta (photons)
- X-ray are produced by the collision of electron with tungsten atom.
- The Collisions which occur are of two types,thus giving rise to two type of spectra:
- Continuous spectra ( general radiation, Bremsstrahlung radiation,or braking radiation)
- Characteristic spectrum or line spectrum
- X-rays can penetrate various objects and the degree of penetration depend upon the quality of x-rays beam and also on the intensity and wavelength of the x-ray beam.
- Effect of interaction of x-rays with matter
- X-ray induce colour changes of several substances :-
A :-methylene blue gets bleached
B :-sodium platinocyanide, which is apple green in colour turns , darker green then to light brown and finally to dark brown.
- X-rays bring about chemical changes in solutions which are otherwise completely stable.
- X-rays cause destruction of fermenting power of enzymes.
- When x-rays are incident on a atom,one of the reaction it produces is " excitation".
- These state of "excitation" in biological materials enable it to take part in a chemical process into which in the normal state it would no enter.
- This is an important cause of biological damage produced by radiation.
- Biological effect of x-rays may be classified into two types.
- Somatic effect
4. Physiochemical properties :-
- X-rays photographic paper or film when exposed to x-rays radiation and then developed will be found blocked.
- This blackening is known as film "density"&the degree of blackening depends upon :-
- Amount of radiation
- Quality of radiation
- Characteristic of a film
- Concentration and age of developing solution
- Lengthy of developing time
- Use of intensifying screens.
- X-rays travels in straight line.
- X-rays can penetrate liquid , solid and gases. The the composition of the substance determines whether the x-rays penetrate or are absorbed.
- X- rays are absorbed by the matter, the absorption depends on the atomic structure of the matter & the wavelength of the x-ray.
- X-rays are interact with the materials they penetrate and cause ionization , dissociate silver in film emulsions.
- X-rays can cause substance of fluorescence or emit light radiation in longer wavelengths.
- X-rays can produce in image on a photographic film.
- X-rays cause biological changes in living things.
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